Human-machine-interfaces (HMI) present an invaluable prospect for improving, through advancement of scientific knowledge and development of rehabilitation devices, the lives of millions of people who suffer from various neuromuscular disorders, paralysis and amputations worldwide. In addition, HMI have far reaching applications beyond clinic. Consumer electronics and Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices becoming integral parts of human daily life, HMI also presents the opportunity for humans to control their environment through their thoughts. At the core of every HMI system is a neural interface which taps into motor and sensory pathways to observe (i.e. record) and modulate (i.e. stimulate) the activity of the nervous system. Robust, reliable, accurate, adaptive, high-information throughput and easy-to-deploy neural interface technologies are critical in realising the potential and fulfilling the promises of future HMI.
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